🏓 Configuration Nat Et Pat Cisco Pdf Je pense que vous admettez l'erreur. Je peux prouver cela.

Livrecomplet sur la configuration du routeur Cisco. Vous pouvez consulter la vidéo : Ou le tutoriel écrit : Mon réseau sera celui ci-dessous, donc d’un coté le réseau 1 en et de l’autre le réseau 2 en 192.168.2.0. Ce test est réalisé sur Packet tracer car je n’avais pas de routeur Cisco physique sous la main mais les

^{PAT – Port Address Translation – plays a huge role in IPv4 networks. Today’s post looks at the simpler of the two configuration options for router NAT configuration a single router interface IP address as in the inside global address. Jump in for your next bit of 5-10 minutes of practice! All about Config LabsThe blog has a series of lab exercises called “Config Labs.” Each lab presents a topology with the relevant initial configuration for each device. -action="collapse">Answer Options - Click Tabs to RevealOption 1 Paper/EditorOption 2 Cisco Packet TracerOption 3 Cisco Modeling LabsOption 1 Paper/Editor You can learn a lot and strengthen real learning of the topics by creating the configuration – even without a router or switch CLI. In fact, these labs were originally built to be used solely as a paper exercise! To answer, just think about the lab. Refer to your primary learning material for CCNA, your notes, and create the configuration on paper or in a text editor. Then check your answer versus the answer post, which is linked at the bottom of the lab, just above the comments section. Option 2 Cisco Packet Tracer You can also implement the lab using the Cisco Packet Tracer network simulator. With this option, you use Cisco’s free Packet Tracer simulator. You open a file that begins with the initial configuration already loaded. Then you implement your configuration and test to determine if it met the requirements of the lab. Use this link for more information about Cisco Packet Tracer. Use this workflow to do the labs in Cisco Packet Tracer Download the .pkt file linked below. Open the .pkt file, creating a working lab with the same topology and interfaces as the lab exercise. Add your planned configuration to the lab. Test the configuration using some of the suggestions below. Download this lab’s Packet Tracer File Option 3 Cisco Modeling Labs You can also implement the lab using Cisco Modeling Labs – Personal CML-P. CML-P or simply CML replaced Cisco Virtual Internet Routing Lab VIRL software in 2020, in effect serving as VIRL Version 2. If you prefer to use CML, use a similar workflow as you would use if using Cisco Packet Tracer, as follows Download the CML file filetype .yaml linked below. Import the lab’s CML file into CML and then start the lab. Compare the lab topology and interface IDs to this lab, as they may differ more detail below. Add your planned configuration to the lab. Test the configuration using some of the suggestions below. Download this lab’s CML file! Network Device Info The CML topology matches the lab topology. Lab Answers Below Spoiler AlertLab Answers Configuration Click Tab to RevealLab ConfigurationLab Configuration Answers Figure 1 PAT Topology interface GigabitEthernet0/1 ip nat inside!interface GigabitEthernet0/2 ip nat outside!ip nat inside source list 1 interface GigabitEthernet0/2 overload!access-list 1 permit Example 3 R1 Config Commentary, Issues, and Verification Tips Click Tabs to RevealLab CommentaryKnown Packet Tracer IssuesVerification Tips for CPT/CMLLab Commentary Commentary There are several ways to configure NAT, including static NAT, dynamic NAT, and Port Address Translation PAT. Static NAT is typically used for one-to-one translations from a specific inside address called an inside local address to a specific outside address called an inside global address. Dynamic NAT differs slightly because it allocates the outside address from a configured pool rather than pre-determining the specific address to use in each case. The third major type of NAT, PAT or NAT overload, uses either a specific outside address or a configured pool. The difference between PAT and the other types is that the mapping is not one-to-one from an inside address to an outside address. With PAT, there is a many-to-one mapping between the inside local address and the inside global address using unique TCP and UDP port numbers to decide where and how to translate the packets. For this lab, you were tasked with configuring PAT using R1’s G0/2 interface IP address for translations and access list 1. The ACL should match only R1’s LAN connecting to S1, S2, and S3. Once this is configured, the last step is to configure a PAT statement to use R1’s G0/2 interface and the ACL to map entries from R1’s LAN to its interface IP address. First, you have to determine which interfaces connect to hosts inside the network and connect to hosts outside the network. For this lab, R1’s G0/1 interface is connected to S1, S2, and S3 and is considered the inside interface. To configure this, use the ip nat inside command while in interface configuration mode. R1’s G0/2 interface is connected to R2 and is considered the outside interface. To configure this, use the ip nat outside command while in interface configuration mode. The second task to perform is to configure the ACL to match R1’s LAN connecting to S1, S2, and S3, all in subnet The global command access-list 1 permit configures the entire ACL. The third and final task uses one long command that ties four ideas together Packets entering interfaces per the source keyword Packets matching the logic in ACL 1 To use one inside global address – the address of the G0/2 interface To use the PAT overload feature The command ip nat inside source list 1 interface GigabitEthernet0/2 overload. Also, note that the requirements tell you to configure static routes on R2 as needed for the inside global addresses. In this case, the configuration uses a range of addresses in the subnet between R1 and R2, so R2 already has a connected route that includes the addresses used by NAT. So there is no need for any additional static routes. Known Packet Tracer Issues Known Issues in this Lab This section of each Config Lab Answers post hopes to help with those issues by listing any known issues with Packet Tracer related to this lab. In this case, the issues are Summary Detail 1 Occasional incorrect NAT show command output based on sequencing CPT may show incorrect NAT behavior if you configure NAT and then move directly to testing. You might want to configure, then save and re-open the .pkt file before testing. Why Would Cisco Packet Tracer Have Issues? Note The below text is the same in every Config Lab. Cisco Packet Tracer CPT simulates Cisco routers and switches. However, CPT does not run the same software that runs in real Cisco routers and switches. Instead, developers wrote CPT to predict the output a real router or switch would display given the same topology and configuration – but without performing all the same tasks, an actual device has to do. On a positive note, CPT requires far less CPU and RAM than a lab full of devices so that you can run CPT on your computer as an app. In addition, simulators like CPT help you learn about the Cisco router/switch user interface – the Command Line Interface CLI – without having to own real devices. CPT can have issues compared to real devices because CPT does not run the same software as Cisco devices. CPT does not support all commands or parameters of a command. CPT may supply output from a command that differs in some ways from what an actual device would give. Those differences can be a problem for anyone learning networking technology because you may not have experience with that technology on real gear – so you may not notice the differences. So this section lists differences and issues that we have seen when using CPT to do this lab. Verification Tips for CPT/CML Beyond comparing your answers to this lab’s Answers post, you can test in Cisco Packet Tracer CPT or Cisco Modeling Labs CML. In fact, you can and should explore the lab once configured. For this lab, once you have completed the configuration, try these verification steps. Verify the dynamic PAT configuration by checking the reachability from S1, S2, and S3 to R2 using ping. At router R1, using the show ip nat translations command to verify that the NAT table begins with no entries. From S1/S2/S3, try the ping command, pinging R2’s global address, which tests the static NAT configuration. At router R1, using the show ip nat translations command to verify a new NAT table entry appeared in support of each flow. Pay close attention to the port numbers used and the fact that all translation table entries use the same outside global address, just with different port numbers. Use a TCP or UDP app to test from S1/S2/S3 to router R2. For instance, use Telnet. Because the initial configuration did not prepare router R2 for inbound Telnet, add configuration on R2 as follows line vty 0 15 transport input all login password cisco From S1/S2/S3, try the telnet command, pinging R2’s global address, which tests the static NAT configuration. At router R1, using the show ip nat translations command to verify a new NAT table entry appeared in support of each flow. More Labs with Related Content! By Wendell Odom October 15, 2021 1305 Write a commentNo Comments View commentsWrite a comment}

Justlike the Cisco IOS routers we can configure NAT / PAT on our Cisco ASA firewall. In this lesson I will explain how to configure dynamic NAT. If you are unsure of how NAT/PAT exactly works then I recommend to read my Introduction to NAT/PAT first. Having said that, let’s take a look at dynamic NAT on the ASA. We will use this topology:

Maintenant que vous savez connecter un réseau privé, il vous faut lui ajouter des services comme la gestion du temps pour que les serveurs soient tous à la même heure ou l’octroi automatique d'adresse IP plus simple que de le faire manuellement. Il vous faut également rendre les serveurs de vos clients accessibles depuis le net. C'est ce que je vous propose dans ce chapitre. Allez, on commence !Allouez des adresses IP automatiquementSi vous avez déjà loué un serveur chez un hébergeur donc un datacenter, vous savez que c'est assez rapide. Cette rapidité n'est pas le fait d'une personne réalisant toutes les tâches à effectuer pour rendre le serveur disponible. Toutes ses tâches sont bien évidemment automatisées. Et l'une d'elles n'est autre que le service le service DHCPSur les routeurs CISCO, le protocole DHCP est un service, mais il n’est pas lancé automatiquement. Il vous faut le lancer. Alors connectez-vous et tapez la commande service dhcp Router1config service dhcpVotre service DHCP est maintenant lancé, il vous reste maintenant à le configurer. Vous devrez le faire pour chaque le service DHCP pour chaque VLANrouteur1configip dhcp pool e-commerce routeur1dhcp-confignetwork routeur1dhcp-configdefault-router cela routeur1configip dhcp pool e-commerce vous créez ce que l’on appelle un pool DHCP, c’est-à-dire un serveur DHCP, il faut en créer un par VLAN. Là, vous lui donnez le nom d’ cela vous permet de spécifier le réseau du service DHCP, ici Il s’agit du réseau du VLAN 2 celui du client d’e-commerce.routeur1dhcp-configdefault-router vous indiquez à qui les clients DHCP les serveurs de votre client d’e-commerce doivent s’adresser. Ici il s’agit de l’interface du VLAN 2 créée sur le la configurationPour vérifier la configuration, il vous suffit de vous connecter au PC et de lancer la commande ipconfig / vous obtenez l’adresse c’est que vous avez réussi. Faites de même avec le second PC et vérifiez que vous obtenez l’adresse que vos machines sont sur le même réseau grâce au VLAN et aux adresses IP, il serait bon qu'elles soient à la même les horloges de vos machinesVotre client d'e-commerce a maintenant deux serveurs, car son activité ne peut être supportée par un seul. Il serait judicieux de synchroniser l’heure de ces deux vous demandez pourquoi ? Imaginez que le data center mette en place une sauvegarde de ces serveurs planifiée à des heures bien précises pour chacun et que l'un des serveurs soit en retard d'une heure. La sauvegarde du serveur en retard ne se lancera pas à la bonne heure et démarrera peut-être en même temps qu’un autre serveur ce qui risque de poser problème...C'est pour cela qu'on utilise un serveur de temps, appelé NTP pour Network Time Protocol.Vous allez configurer ce protocole sur votre routeur Cisco qui fera office de serveur. Les clients les serveurs d'e-commerce recevront l'heure du routeur et seront donc tous à la même votre routeur lui qui donnera l’ la commande suivante routeur1configntp master 1 routeur1configendIl ne vous manque plus qu’à configurer les clients les switchs ici.Configurez vos switchsConnectez-vous à vos switchs et tapez les commandes suivantes switch1conf t switch1configntp server switch1configexitLa commande ntp server vous permet d’ajouter un serveur NTP, ici on a choisi l’interface de management du routeur le VLAN 99.switch1sh ntp associations address ref clock st when poll reach delay offset disp *~ .LOCL. 1 41 64 7 * selected, + candidate, - outlyer, x falseticker, ~ configureLa commande show ntp associations vous permet de voir avec qui votre matériel est associé. Les signes * et ~ signifient que le serveur est configuré et ntp associations detail configured, ipv4, our_master, sane, valid, stratum 1 ref ID .LOCL., time 0424 UTC Fri Mar 23 2018 our mode client, peer mode server, our poll intvl 64, peer poll intvl 64 root delay msec, root disp reach 3, sync dist delay msec, offset msec, dispersion jitter msec precision 2**13, version 4 assoc id 37545, assoc name assoc in packets 7, assoc out packets 7, assoc error packets 0 org time 0000 UTC Mon Jan 1 1900 rec time 0424 UTC Fri Mar 23 2018 xmt time 0424 UTC Fri Mar 23 2018 filtdelay = filtoffset = filterror = minpoll = 6, maxpoll = 10La commande show ntp associations detailvous permet d’en voir un peu plus sur le serveur NTP. Notamment si la connexion est sane saine et clock detail *0437 UTC Fri Mar 23 2018 Time source is NTLa commandeshow clock detail vous montre que la source de l’horloge est un serveur aller plus loin, vous pouvez si vous le souhaitez ajouter à votre maquette un serveur et configurer dessus le service que sur Linux il suffit d’installer le paquet ntp et sur Windows, c’est en interface graphique dans les réglages de l’ serveurs sont à l’heure et ont une adresse privée, ce qui leur permet d’avoir accès à Internet une fois que le NAT sera configuré. Cependant, sans adresse publique, ils ne seront pas accessibles depuis l'extérieur, c'est-à-dire depuis Internet. Vous devez donc maintenant connecter votre data center à l'accès à Internet à votre réseauIl est important de bien comprendre cette notion car vous allez l’appliquer tout de votre WAN par ajouter un PC au routeur comme sur le schéma. Pour notre exemple, nous le branchons directement sur le routeur, ce qui n’est pas le cas sur le terrain. En effet, pour nous approcher de la réalité, il aurait fallu brancher un autre routeur, puis le PC. C’est ce que nous ferons dans la prochaine partie, lorsque vous apprendrez à connecter des routeurs entre eux. Mais pour le moment, cette astuce vous suffira à comprendre le NAT, sur un routeur WAN dans le data centerEnsuite, ajouter une adresse à l’interface WAN de votre routeur. Pour cela connectez-vous sur le routeur et configurez l’interface WAN du routeur comme ceci routeur1configinterface gigabitEthernet 0/0/1 routeur1config-ifip address routeur1config-ifno shutdown Puis configurez le PC "Utilisateur Internet" avec l'adresse IP mérite une explication. Grâce à cette configuration, l’Utilisateur_Internet et l’interface WAN du routeur sont sur le même réseau. Vous pouvez le vérifier en faisant un PING de l’un vers l’autre. Nous simulons en fait, pour notre exemple, que l’Utilisateur_Internet et le routeur sont bien connectés à Internet. Encore une fois, dans la prochaine partie nous verrons comment cela est réellement fait la partie publique du réseau, mais pour le moment nous étudions la partie privée du pour donner accès à Internet à votre LAN, vous allez devoir configurer sur votre routeur, ce que l’on appelle une route par défaut. Vous vous souvenez que, pour les VLAN, votre routeur a créé des routes entre les VLAN des réseaux donc ? Eh bien, une route par défaut, c’est une route vers tous les réseaux que votre routeur ne connaît routeur connaît maintenant vos VLAN et l’adresse WAN. Il sait également comment acheminer des messages entre ces réseaux. Dans le cas où un message serait envoyé vers un réseau qu’il ne connaît pas Internet, il l’enverra vers la route par défaut. Il s’agit en fait de la passerelle du routeur1. Cette passerelle dans notre cas, c’est le PC Utilisateur_Internet. Dans la vraie vie, ce sera un autre route par défaut va donc dire au routeur Dans le cas où tu ne connais pas le réseau du destinataire, dirige le paquet le message vers ce réseau ». Ce sera ensuite au prochain routeur de savoir où envoyer le paquet. Vous comprendrez mieux tout cela lors de la prochaine partie consacrée au donc à votre routeur et tapez ces commandes routeur1configip route routeur1configendLa route avec le masque est la route par défaut. Le dernier argument est la passerelle votre route par défaut est créé. Vérifions cela en faisant un PING depuis un poste du LAN vers le PC ne fonctionne pas ? C’est normal, le NAT n’est pas encore configuré. C’est la prochaine étape de ce cours !Configurez le NAT ce que le NAT ?Le NAT, en anglais Network Address Translation, est une fonctionnalité qui permet de partager Internet dans un réseau local, en associant une adresse IP publique à un ou plusieurs postes ou serveurs qui possèdent une adresse IP configurer le NAT, vous allez devoir créer un groupe, appelé NAT_INTERNET_VLAN2, composé du réseau et que vous autoriserez grâce à la commande permit , à faire quelque chose. Ce quelque chose sera défini dans une autre commande. Vous l'appliquerez juste après à l’interface WAN du routeur il faut répéter cette opération pour chaque VLAN que vous voulez autoriser à accéder à Internet.routeur1configip access-list standard NAT_INTERNET_VLAN2 routeur1config-std-naclpermit routeur1config-std-naclexit La première ligne crée la liste et lui donne un deuxième ligne autorise le réseau Le dernier argument est le " wildcard mask " il s’agit d’un masque inversé. En fait = gi0/1 routeur1config-ifip nat outside routeur1config-ifexit Vous indiquez ici, que l’interface WAN est l’interface de sortie du NAT. routeur1configint gigabitEthernet 0/ routeur1config-subifip nat inside routeur1config-ifexitEnsuite, vous indiquez que l’interface de votre VLAN 2 est en entrée du NAT à répéter pour chaque VLAN.routeur1configip nat inside source list NAT_INTERNET_VLAN2 interface GigabitEthernet0/1 overloadCette commande applique à l’interface WAN, le groupe que vous avez créé au début. Vous autorisez donc le VLAN 2 à utiliser le NAT en sortie sur l’interface le ping depuis un serveur du VLAN 2 vers l’Utilisateur_Internet pour vérifier que cela fonctionne vos serveurs ont accès à Internet. Vous allez maintenant faire l’opération inverse et rendre vos serveurs accessibles depuis Internet. Ainsi, les clients pourront faire leurs achats sur le site d’ vos serveurs accessibles depuis Internet effet, ce n'est pas parce que votre serveur a accès à Internet qu’un utilisateur d'Internet a accès, lui, à votre serveur. Pour cela, il faudrait que votre serveur ait une adresse IP publique et non privée comme c'est le cas contre, si vous mettez une adresse publique directement sur votre serveur, il ne sera plus sur le bon réseau et n'aura plus accès au routeur !Ce type de NAT s’appelle du port forwarding. Cette technique vous permet de dire au routeur Si quelqu'un demande cette adresse publique, renvoie-le vers cette adresse privée ».NAT Port forwardingDans notre exemple, nous allons rediriger tous les messages donc le PING à destination de l’adresse WAN du routeur vers le serveur d’e-commerce On appelle cela NAT one-and-one », c’est-à-dire que tous les protocoles et ports seront redirigés vers l’adresse nat inside source static routeur1configendMaintenant, pour vérifier, faites une requête internet depuis l’Utilisateur_Internet vers l’adresse Cela fonctionne et si vous éteignez le serveur d’e-commerce...la requête est timeout elle ne fonctionne plus. C’est que la redirection fonctionne le cas où vous auriez à configurer un serveur qui héberge un service WEB, vous auriez redirigé uniquement le port HTTP ou HTTPS comme ceci routeur1configip nat inside source static tcp 80 80 routeur1configend Dans cette configuration, on spécifie le protocole et le port ; ce qui permet d’utiliser une seule adresse IP publique pour de nombreux LAN est enfin configuré adresses IP, horloges, accès Internet et accès depuis Internet et prêt à être exploité par vos le prochain chapitre, vous verrez comment optimiser ce LAN et pallier les pannes de switchs et de résuméVous pouvez gérer vos adresses automatiquement grâce au service le créer, il vous faut créer un pool et l'associer à un réseau du routeur routeur1configip dhcp pool nomDuPoolrouteur1dhcp-confignetwork adresse masquerouteur1dhcp-configdefault-router adresseDeLInterfaceUn serveur NTP est un serveur qui donne l'heure à ses clients. De cette façon, les clients ont tous la même le créer, vous devez entrer l'adresse du serveur NTP, il en existe sur le web switch1config ntp server adresseNTPServeurPour configurer l'accès à Internet sur votre routeur, il vous faut tout d'abord configurer une route par défaut, avec le prochain saut comme ip route adresseGatewayEnsuite, vous devez configurer le NAT en commençant par un groupe routeur1config ip access-list standard nomDuGrouperouteur1config-std-nacl permit adresseRéseau masqueInverséPuis indiquez les interfaces de sortie et d'entrée du NAT routeur1config int interfaceDeSortierouteur1config-if ip nat outsiderouteur1config int interfaceDEntréerouteur1config-if ip nat insidePour finir, vous devez appliquer la règle de groupe à l'interface de sortie du NAT ip nat inside source list nomDuGroupe interface GigabitEthernet0/1 overloadPour configurer une redirection static depuis Internet, vers un serveur privé, il faut entrer la commande ip nat inside source static tcp adressePrivée portPrivé adressePublique portPublique

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It is important to secure your Cisco devices by configuring and implementing username and password protection and assigning different Cisco privilege levels to control and restrict access to the CLI. Hence, protecting the devices from unauthorized access. In this article, we will discuss how to configure user accounts and how to associate them to the different Cisco privilege levels. Then, we’ll take a deep dive into their purposes and functions, as well as their importance in network security Level SecurityCisco IOS devices use privilege levels for more granular security and Role-Based Access Control RBAC in addition to usernames and passwords. There are 16 privilege levels of admins access, 0-15, on the Cisco router or switch that you can configure to provide customized access control. With 0 being the least privileged and 15 being the most privileged. These are three privilege levels the Cisco IOS uses by defaultLevel 0 – Zero-level access only allows five commands- logout, enable, disable, help and 1 – User-level access allows you to enter in User Exec mode that provides very limited read-only access to the 15 – Privilege level access allows you to enter in Privileged Exec mode and provides complete control over the By default, Line level security has a privilege level of 1 con, aux, and vty lines .To assign the specific privilege levels, we include the privilege number when indicating the username and password of the admin1 privilege 0 secret Study-CCNA1 Routerconfigusername admin2 privilege 15 secret Study-CCNA2 Routerconfigusername admin3 secret Study-CCNA3In this example, we assign user admin1 a privilege level of 0. Then, we assign user admin2 to privilege level 15, which is the highest level. For admin3, we did not specify any privilege level, but it will have a privilege level of 1 by try to verify the output of our configuration by logging in to each user. Enter the username and the corresponding password, starting with Access Verification Username admin1 Password Router>? Exec commands disable Turn off privileged commands enable Turn on privileged commands exit Exit from the EXEC help Description of the interactive help system logout Exit from the EXEC Router>Notice in the output above that the user admin1 is under User Exec mode and has only five commands- logout, enable, disable, help, and exit. Now, let’s log in as Access Verification Username admin2 Password Routershow privilege current privilege level is 15 RouterThe output above shows that user admin2 is currently in level 15, and we verified that by typing the show privilege’ command on the CLI. Notice also that we are in Privileged Exec mode. Lastly, let’s log in as Access Verification Username admin3 Password Router>show privilege current privilege level is 1 Router>When we logged in as admin3, we verified that it was in level 1 by typing the show privilege’ command on the CLI. Notice that we are in User Exec Levels 2-14You can increase the security of your network by configuring additional privileges from 2 to 14 and associating them to usernames to provide customized access control. This is suitable when you are designing role-based access control for different users and allowing only certain commands for them to execute. Hence, giving them restrictions to unnecessary commands and increasing the layers of security on the now assign privilege level 5 to a user. After that, we will configure privilege level 5 users to be in User Exec mode and allow them to use the show running-config’ admin4 privilege 5 secret Study-CCNA4 Routerconfigprivilege exec level 5 show running-configAll level 5 users now will be automatically accessing the User Exec mode and can now use the User Exec commands such as show running-config’ on the CLI. Let’s log in as user admin4 to verify Access Verification Username admin4 Password Routershow running-config Building configuration... Current configuration 57 bytes ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker ! ! ! end RouterEnable Secret Command PrivilegeWe can also configure different privilege levels to passwords. Here, we will allow the enable secret’ command to access the Privileged Exec level. Use the enable secret level {level} {password}’ syntax as shown below. The command sets the enable secret password for privilege level secret level 5 Study-CCNA5We can verify our configuration as shown belowUser Access Verification Username admin5 Password Router>show running-config ^ % Invalid input detected at ^’ marker. Router>enable 5 Password R4show privilege Current privilege level is 5 Routershow running-config Building configuration... Current configuration 57 bytes ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker ! ! ! end RouterIn our first attempt, notice in the example above that we do not have access to the show running-configuration’ command. That is because we are currently under privilege level 0. However, we can log in as a privilege level 5 user with the enable {privilege level}’ command, and from there, we can now access the show running-configuration’ our Free CCNA Study Guide PDF for complete notes on all the CCNA 200-301 exam topics in one recommend the Cisco CCNA Gold Bootcamp as your main CCNA training course. It’s the highest rated Cisco course online with an average rating of from over 30,000 public reviews and is the gold standard in CCNA training

^{TPConfiguration du nat sur un routeur cisco :Objectif :Configurer une translation d'adresse sur un routeur Cisco.. Le NAT vous permet d’utiliser des adresses IP privées sur} These blocks of addresses can be used by multiple organizations for their private networks but they are not routable on the Internet. For hosts with these addresses that need to access the Internet a device must be deployed at the edge of the network that performs address translation to unique public addresses. Network Address Translation NAT is used to translate Private IP addresses from the reserved private address space defined in RFC 1918 to Public IPv4 addresses which are routable on the Internet. NAT is usually implemented on a router that sits at the edge connecting a private network on side and the public network Internet on the other side. There are various types of NAT but in this lesson we will focus on the following three types of NAT. Static NAT is used to translate a private IP address to a Public IP address on a one-to-one basis. Static NAT creates a fixed translation of a private IP address or a subnet to a Public IP address or subnet. The translation is persistent and the Public IP address is same for each consecutive connection. Dynamic NAT is used translate group of private IP addresses to a pool of Public IP addresses. Dynamic NAT also establishes one-to-one mapping between private and public IP address but the translation will be temporary and after the connectivity is not required the translation will be removed and the public IP address will be returned to the pool and which can then be used to translate any other private host. Port Address Translation is used to translate multiple private IP addresses to a single public IP address. To keep each translation unique a private IP address and source port is translated to Public IP address and mapped port. Table below list various NAT terminologies NAT Terminologies Network Address Translation NAT Mapping an IP address to another IP address either statically or dynamically Port Address Translation PAT Mapping multiple IP address to a single IP address. To differentiate between connections source port is also changed. Also known as NAT overload Inside Local IP address assigned to the host on the private network Inside Global The IP address of a private host as it appears to the public network. Outside Local IP address of a public host as it appears to the private network Outside Global IP address assigned to a host on the public network by the host owner Nat Configuration We will use the network in the figure below to demonstrate the configuration of Static, Dynamic NAT and PAT. We will configure the Cisco Router to perform Static NAT on the IP address owned by Web Server and Dynamic NAT to translate the IP addresses of three hosts to dynamically to a pool of addresses. Routerconfiginterface fastethernet 0/0 Routerconfig-ifip address Routerconfig-ifip nat inside Routerconfiginterface fastethernet 0/1 Routerconfig-ifip address Routerconfig-ifip nat outside Routerconfigip nat inside source static — The command above configures static NAT for private IP address to public IP address — Routerconfigaccess-list 101 permit ip any Routerconfigaccess-list 101 permit ip any Routerconfigaccess-list 101 permit ip any Routerconfigip nat pool DYN_NAT_POOL prefix-length 24 Routerconfigip nat inside source list 101 pool DYN_NAT_POOL — The commands above configure Dynamic NAT for a group three hosts which are assigned public IP addresses from a pool of three public IP addesses — We can also configure Port Address Translation for the three hosts such that all three of them will be overloaded to a single IP address. To configure PAT use the following command Routerconfigip nat inside source list 101 interface fastethernet 0/1 overload Today we covered Network Address Translation and configuration, NAT is a very important lesson and students must have thorough conceptual and practical knowledge of NAT as almost all enterprise networks connected to the Internet use NAT. ^{Organisationde l’ouvrage L’intention des auteurs de ce livre est de permettre au lecteur de passer la certification ICND1 et de préparer la certification CCNA R&S. L’exame}

Published On August 6ᵗʰ, 2019 0207 IP Addressing NAT Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS XE Gibraltar The Network Address Translation 46 NAT 46 feature solves IPv4 to IPv6 connectivity by providing a mechanism for connectivity of IPv4 hosts to IPv6 internet when dual stack and IPv6 tunneling solutions cannot be used. Note NAT 46 is supported only on Cisco ISR 4000 platforms. Feature Information for Connectivity Between IPv4 and IPv6 Hosts Using Stateless NAT 46 Restrictions for NAT 46 Information About NAT 46 Configuring Network Address Translation 46 Verifying the NAT 46 Configuration Feature Information for Connectivity Between IPv4 and IPv6 Hosts Using Stateless NAT 46 The following table provides release information about the feature or features described in this module. This table lists only the software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given software release train. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that software release train also support that feature. Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to An account on is not required. Table 1. Feature Information for Connectivity Between IPv4 and IPv6 Hosts Using Stateless NAT 46 Feature Name Releases Feature Information Connectivity Between IPv4 and IPv6 Hosts Using Stateless NAT 46 Cisco IOS XE Gibraltar Release The Network Address Translation 46 NAT 46 feature solves IPv4 to IPv6 connectivity by providing a mechanism for connectivity of IPv4 hosts to IPv6 internet when dual stack and IPv6 tunneling solutions cannot be used. Note NAT 46 is supported only on Cisco ISR 4000 platforms. Restrictions for NAT 46 Only Domain Name System DNS application layer gateway ALG is supported. Fragmented packet is not supported. Maximum Transmission Unit MTU discovery after converting to IPv6 packets is not supported. Virtual Routing and Forwarding-aware NAT 46 is not supported. Both NAT44 static, dynamic, and PAT configuration and stateful NAT46 configurations are not supported on the same interface. High-speed Logging HSL is not supported. Several IPv4 stateful features PBR, ZBFW, WAAS, WCCP, NBAR, and so on do not work after converting to IPv6 packets, and are not supported. High availability is not supported. Information About NAT 46 Overview of NAT 46 Scalability on NAT 46 NAT 46 Prefix Overview of NAT 46 The NAT46 solution solves IPv4 host to IPv6 internet connectivity. IPv4 hosts trying to reach a server, first initiate a DNS type A query packet. The NAT 46 router changes this to type AAAA query. When the query response is received, NAT 46 retrieves the IPv6 address from the response packet. An IPv4 address is allocated from the configured NAT 46 pool and an address binding is done for the retrieved IPv6 address and the allocated IPv4 address. An IPv4 address DNS response is sent to the IPv4 host. The source address of packets originating from IPv4 hosts is converted using a configured NAT 46 IPv6 prefix. The destination IPv4 address is translated to IPv6 address using pool address binding created during DNS packet flow. Example Configured Prefix IPv4 Address IPv4-Embedded IPv6 Address 20020DB8/96 20020DB8C000221 Scalability on NAT 46 There is no limitation to the number of private IPv4 addresses that can be supported because no sessions are maintained. The number of IPv6 hosts that can be represented by the IPv4 pool address should be scalable up to 40,000. NAT 46 Prefix The NAT 46 prefix cannot be same as the interface prefix. Neighbor Discovery Neighbor/Router Solicitation messages for the addresses in the NAT 46 prefix are not answered by the NAT 46 router. Hence, NAT 46 prefix cannot be same as the interface prefix. If a larger network smaller prefix that is less than 96 is obtained from the service provider, the network can be subdivided into multiple smaller networks and NAT 46 prefix can be configured with a smaller network prefix 96 bits. In addition, the NAT 46 router needs to be configured as a gateway or next hop router for the IPv6 hosts on an adjacent router of the service provider network. Configuring Network Address Translation 46 Procedure Step 1 enable Example Device> enable Enables privileged EXEC mode. Enter your password if prompted. Step 2 configure terminal Example Device configure terminal Enters global configuration mode. Step 3 interface type number Example Deviceconfig interface gigabitethernet 1/2/0 Configures an interface and enters interface configuration mode. Step 4 ip address ip-address mask Example Deviceconfig-if ip address Configures an IPv4 address for an interface. Step 5 nat64 enable Example Deviceconfig-if nat64 enable Enables NAT46 translation on an IPv4 interface. Step 6 exit Example Deviceconfig-if exit Exits interface configuration mode and enters global configuration mode. Step 7 interface type number Example Deviceconfig interface gigabitethernet 0/0/0 Configures an interface and enters interface configuration mode. Step 8 ipv6 enable Example Deviceconfig-if ipv6 enable Enables IPv6 processing on an interface. Step 9 ipv6 address {ipv6-address/prefix-length prefix-name sub-bits/ prefix-lenth Example Deviceconfig-if ipv6 address 2001DB811/96 Configures an IPv6 address based on an IPv6 general prefix and enables IPv6 processing on an interface. Step 10 nat64 enable Example Deviceconfig-if nat64 enable Enables NAT46 translation on an IPv6 interface. Step 11 exit Example Deviceconfig-if exit Exits interface configuration mode and enters global configuration mode. Step 12 nat64 settings nat46 enable Example Deviceconfig nat64 settings nat46 enable Enables NAT46 in the NAT64 settings. Step 13 nat46 v6 prefix ipv6 prefix/prefix-length Example Deviceconfig nat46 v6 prefix 2001/96 Configures the NAT46 IPv6 prefix. Step 14 nat46 v4 pool pool-name pool-address-range Example Deviceconfig nat46 v4 nat46_pool Configures the NAT46 pool address range. Step 15 end Example Deviceconfig end Exits global configuration mode and returns to privileged EXEC mode. Verifying the NAT 46 Configuration Use the show nat64 statistics command to view the NAT 46 statistics. The following is sample output of the command. SUMMARY STEPS show nat64 statistics DETAILED STEPS show nat64 statistics Example Router show nat64 statistics NAT64 Statistics Total active translations 0 0 static, 0 dynamic; 0 extended Sessions found 0 Sessions created 0 Expired translations 0 Global Stats Packets translated IPv4 -> IPv6 Stateless 0 Stateful 0 MAP-T 0 NAT46 30 Packets translated IPv6 -> IPv4 Stateless 0 Stateful 0 MAP-T 0 NAT46 30

manyinternal private addresses. This is also referred to as NAT Overload or Port Address Translation (PAT). In Task 2, you use Cisco IOS commands to configure the customer router for static NAT to permanently map a public address to an internal server private address. This lab assumes the use of a Cisco 1841 router. You can use another router

Memento cisco, 2e edition. ios-configuration générale PDF Les équipements Cisco utilisent tous le même système d'exploitation propriétaire, nommé IOS Internetwork Operating System ou, en français, Système d'exploitation pour réseaux interconnectés. La deuxième édition mise à jour de ce mémento présente les aspects réseau liés à ce système à travers un récapitulatif des principales commandes utiles notamment à la configuration d'un routeur et d'un commutateur composition et accès à un routeur, configuration d'un routeur, configuration du routage, NAT et DHCP, filtrage, commutateurs, STP Spanning Tree protocol, VLAN Virtual Local Area Network, et IOSAccès à un routeurSyntaxe IOS et conventionsConfiguration générale d'un routeurConfigurer le routageRedistribution entre protocolesConfiguration NAT/PATConfiguration DHCPFiltrage de paquets avec les ACLAdministration des commutateursConfiguration pour les VLAN

Cetteconfiguration se fait de deux méthodes selon le besoin : Ceci est fait par la commande ip nat inside source. Utilisée avec l’option de surcharge (Overload), cette commande permet de Service, Instance, Communication – un ensemble de fonctions mis à disposition d’utilisateurs – une exécution unitaire d’un service pour des participants particuliers q Dans les télécoms un service permet à des partenaires distants d’échanger des médias qUne instance d’un service télécom est une communication’ R1config-if)#ip nat inside 2. The command for enabling NAT on the outside interface is: R1(config-if)#ip nat outside Remember to enter into appropriate configuration modes before entering the commands. Usually, the inside NAT will be configured on an Ethernet interface, whereas the outside NAT is configured on a serial interface. ^{This article is a complete Guide on Cisco Router Configuration with Details. I have divided this article into three parts Basic cisco router configuration step by step Advanced cisco router configuration Cisco GUI Configurations I want to make it clear that this cisco configuration tutorial is for cisco learners. Although I have tried to cover the most topics, but visit Cisco’s website for more details and advance configuration. In basic Cisco router configurations, we will review all basic steps for configuration of a router and then see all basic Cisco CLI commands. Basic Cisco router Configuration step by step In Order to configure a cisco router you need to access the router CLI interface. You can do this in numerous ways. Here I am show you the most basic way to access a cisco router that is access Cisco router through console cable. Most for configuring a brand new router you need to adopt this method. Access Cisco router with USB Console cable Old console connection came with the DB-9 to console connection. But now a USB console connections are being used in market. You see this connection in following figure and you can connect it according to this. Once your connection setting is complete, you are required a software for access the router CLI. Putty is the most famous and easy to use software. You can download it free from internet. For making the connection to your router you need to confirm the com-port number, open device manage and find the com port number under the “Ports COM & LPT”. Open the putty and give the same serial line as you find in device manage and click connect. You can use any other software for creating a connection to router. What are Three Modes in Cisco Router configuration? Once you have a physical connection with your Cisco Router, you can configure it. Before Going into configurations of Cisco Router, let introduce you the basic configuration modes of Cisco. There are 3 modes or command-levels in Cisco router. In each command mode you have specific privileges and control. User Mode Privileged EXEC Mode Global_Configuration Mode Cisco User Mode Cisco In first command mode of cisco you can run limited type of show commands, basic reachability tests. This command mode is represented by symbol “>”. Cisco Privileged Mode Privileged EXEC is second command level mode with the symbol “”. Use “enable” command in user mode for accessing the privileged mode. In this mode you can have access to all monitoring commands of router. What is global configuration mode of cisco router? The Global configuration mode is for administrator where you can configure your Cisco router and the running configuration. You can access global configuration mode from Privileged EXEC mode using a command “configure terminal”. For more Cisco Global configuration mode Commands you can visit here. How to Check Current Configurations on Cisco Router? Once your cisco router is boot up you can check already performed configuration or default configuration Using command show running-config. If you are new to cisco just run this command in privileged mode this will give you a brief of all physical interfaces of cisco routers as well as all the protocols configuration. What are Different types of passwords you can set on CISCO Router? You can set different types of password on each command level mode, which will make your router secure. How to configure console Password on Cisco Router? The most basic password that you can configure on cisco router is to set the console password. This password blocks the unauthorized access through console cable on Cisco router. You can set the console password by using the following commands. Router2>enable Router2 configure terminal Router2configline console 0 Router2config-linepassword cisco Router2config-linelogin Above command will set the console password of router to “cisco”. How to set enable password? With the enable password you can secure privilege exec mode. You can set enable password in two ways. Both commands will set the enable password but the difference is first command will save the password in clear text which will be visible in show running-config, whereas the enable secret will save the password in encrypted form. routerconfig enable password cisco or routerconfig enable secret cisco How to set the Telnet password on Cisco Router? Telnet password is used to secure your remote access to cisco router. By default there are five VTY line ot connections available but it may vary depending upon the version of Cisco router. You can set the telnet password by using these commands Routerconfigline vty 0 Routerconfig-linepassword cisco This command will Set password to cisco on five vty lines Routerconfig-linelogin How to configure Cisco Router Host name? After securing your router with different password, the most basic setting is to change the router name or host name of your cisco router. You can accomplish this by executing a cisco command “Hostname ” in global configuration mode. Routerconfig hostname home_router home_routerconfig Above command will set the hostname to “home_router” Disable automatic domain lookup If you are beginner then it is better to turn off automatic domain lookup. It will save your time because if domain lookup is not disabled then router tries to resolve every word that is not a command. And every incorrectly typed command will result a wait of one or two minute. To understand the concept of automatic domain lookup any random word on cisco router and press enter and see the results. You can disable it with the help of command Routerconfig no ip domain-lookup Configure IP address of Cisco Router Configuring an IP address of a Cisco router is a most common and easy task. You can setting the IP address to any router interface with the following details Choose the interface by number. Specify the interface number. Specify the IP address and Subnet mask You can check all the interfaces of a router by using the command “show ip interface brief” this will display all the interfaces of your Cisco router. Now select interface you want to configure. There are different type of interfaces available in Cisco router Ethernet, fastethernet, serial interfaces etc You can configure all type of interface in a same way. Following commands can be used for configuring the Cisco router interfaces Routerconfig Interface Routerconfig-ifip address Routerconfig-ifno shutdown Following are the examples of different interfaces configurations on Cisco router Sr FastEthernet Interface Serial Interface Routerconfiginterface fastethernet 0/0 Routerconfig-ifip address Routerconfig-ifno shutdown Routerconfiginterface serial 0/0/0 Routerconfig-ifip address Routerconfig-ifclock rate 64000DCE side only command. Assigns a clock rate for the interfaceRouterconfig-ifbandwidth 64 Routerconfig-ifno shutdown What is a loopback interface used for & how to Configure it? The Loopback interfaces are not physical interface but these are the logical interfaces used for different purpose. Loopback interface remain always up and most network professional use these interfaces for testing to test IP software without worrying about broken or corrupted drivers or hardware. A different IP scheme is designated for loopback IP address with start number You can configure the loopback interface on Cisco Router with commands as under Router1configinterface loopback 1 Router1config-ifip address Router1config-ifno shutdown Router1configinterface loopback 2 Router1config-ifip address Router1config-ifno shutdown How to disable or stop a Router Interface? You can start or stop any Cisco router interface by using the commands “shutdown” to disable the interface and “no shutdown” to enable any interface. How to Configure IPV6 interface on Cisco Router? For configuring an IPv6 address on Cisco router, you need to enable it as it is not enable on Cisco Router by-default. You can enable IPV6 using command “ipv6 unicast-routing“. An IPV6 interface on Cisco Router can be configured with following commands Router1configipv6 unicast-routing Router1configint fa0/0 Router1config-ifipv6 address 20010BB9AABB1234/64 eui-64 How to save Cisco Router Configurations? You can save the configuration on Cisco router by using the following command in privilege mode Routercopy run start or Simply use Routerwrite Backup Cisco Router Configuration You can save the configuration of cisco router to local device using the TFTP server. Following cisco commands will do the task for you. Router2copy running-config tftp Address or name of remote host []? Destination filename [Router2-confg]? backup_of-my_router !! 1030 bytes copied in secs 415 bytes/sec Router2 For more detail on Taking backup and restore with TFTP server you can visit here. What is default Gateway and how to configure it on Cisco? The purpose of default gateway is to direct packets addressed to networks not found in the routing-table. In presence of default routes all packets with the unknown destinations are forwarded to default gateway. Default gateways help in limiting system resources like memory, broadcast & processing power. You can use these cisco commands for configuring default Gateway Router2configip default-gateway Router2configip default-gateway or Router2config ip route All above commands will set the cisco router default gateway to you can use any one of these commands. Cisco Router Configuration DHCP Server The DHCP server is used for automatic assignments of IP address to hosts. A DHCP server have a pool of IPs and assigns one of them to the every DHCP client. You can configure a Cisco router as a DHCP server by using these commands R1configip dhcp excluded-address R1configip dhcp pool W7_DHCP_Pool R1dhcp-confignetwork R1dhcp-configdefault-router R1dhcp-configdns-server Exclude-address command will define the range of IP address which will not be assigned to hosts. W7_DHCP_Pool is name of DHCP pool, you can use any other. Ans network command will define the IP address which are assigned by DHCP server to DHCP clients. How to configure DNS Server on Cisco router They main purpose of DNS to resolve IP address into domain name and voice versa. DNS maintain a directory of Fully Qualified Domain Names and translate them to IPs. DNS makes Domain names easy for people to remember. You can configure DNS on Cisco by help of following commads R1 configure terminal R1config ip dns server R1config ip domain-lookup R1config ip name-server R1config ip host fileserver Advanced Cisco Router Configuration Now we will see some advance Cisco router configuration examples Access list Cisco Router configuration With ACL you can apply different restrictions and can assign different permission for data packet. For example you can deny or permit a network to enter or out from an interface. There are two main types of ACL Standard ACL range is from 1-99 Extened ACL range 100–199 and 2000–2699 For configuration example of Cisco ACL, you can visit here. What is NAT and how to config it on Cisco? NAT Network Address Translation is used to provide Internet_access to the local LANs hosts. NAT uses one or more local IP-address and translated this into Global IP address and vice versa. In Cisco we configured NAT Network Address Translation on Border or edge router, on one side of router we have internal LAN network and on other side we have ISP network. There are three types of Network Address Translation Static NAT Dynamic NAT PAT You can configure NAT on Cisco router by following steps Configure a ACL to Allow the IP addresses for internet access Define a NAT pool Apply the ACL on Interface R1configaccess-list 1 permit R1configip nat pool NAT-POOL netmask R1configip nat inside source list 1 pool NAT_POOL_IPs R1configint fa0/0 R1config-ifip nat inside You can configure Network Address Translation on Cisco Router by using this Tutorial. Configuration of inter-vlan routing on Cisco Vlan are used to create different virtual LAN under the same switch, which creates different broadcast-domains. Host under the one VLAN cant communicate with other VLANs. You require a router if you want to interconnect VLANs with each other. This concept is known as “inter-vlan routing” or“router on a stick”. If you want to learn about the configurations of “inter-vlan routing” on cisco Router, click here. RIP Cisco router Configuration The RIP Routing Information Protocol is one of easiest protocol to configure on Cisco Router. RIP is distance vector routing protocol and support maximum 15 hub counts. RIP is used for small scale networks. RIP also supports equal cast load balancing for dividing the load across the different interfaces. On Cisco Router you can enable the Routing Information Protocol by following commands R1configrouter rip R1config-routernetwork R1config-routernetwork With the network command you can define which connected network you want to advertise in RIP. For example if we have two network on R1 & and want to advertise into RIP. In this case you can do so by using the above commands. EIGRP configuration on Cisco Router Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol is designed by Cisco and it is a routing protocol which you can use only on Cisco Router. Configuration of EIGRP on Cisco Router is resembles With RIP. Commands are almost similar to RIP. Following few commands are required for basic configuration of Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol. Routerconfig router eigrp Routerconfig-router network You can use EIGRP with other routing protocols in same network. This concept is know as redistribution of routing protocols into EIGRP. OSPF configuration on Cisco Router OSPF Open Shortest Path First is the one of the famous and most used routing protocol. It is open standard protocol and you can used it on very vendor’s router. OSPF is link state routing protocol, by using its algorithm Open Shortest Path First can find it best path more accurately. An example of OSPF configuration on Cisco is as under R2conf t R3configrouter ospf 1 R3config-routernetwork 1 7 area 0 R3config-routernetwork 10 . 0 . area 0 Cisco port forwarding IS IS Configuration on Cisco Router IS-IS is stands for Intermediate System To Intermediate System. IS IS is a link-state routing protocol and more efficient in case of handling router memory. Configuration of IS-IS is a little tricky as compare to configuration of other routing protocol. Here are example command example R1config-if router isis R1config-router net 49. 0020. R1config-router is-type level-2-only R1config-router summary-address level-1-2 For Complete configuration of IS-IS on Cisco, you can visit here. Cisco PPPOE Configuration On Router The Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet PPPoe is Protocol used for configuring a path between the LAN users to ISP network. PPPoe is used to provide the DSL internet access to LAN users. Client side PPPoe configuration is quite simple. Create a dialer_interface for PPPoE connection Tie it to a physical interface dialer interface use these configuration commands on Cisco R1config interface dialer_new R1config-if dialer pool 1 R1config-if encapsulation ppp R1config-if ip address negotiated The line ip address negotiated instructs the client to use an IP address provided by the PPPoE server. R1config-if mtu 1492 Tie it to a physical interface In 2nd step we assign our ISP facing physical interface to our newly created PPPoE dialer group R1config interface f0/0 R1config-if no ip address R1config-if pppoe-client dial-pool-number 1 R1config-if no shutdown Configure Cisco Router as NTP Server With an NTP server you can synchronize time setting on every Cisco device in the network. The NTP server is important, because different protocol configurations required the same time on all the network devices. After that you have set the NTP server, all the client devices can get the updated time setting from FTP server. Few commands are required for basic configurations of NTP server on Cisco NTP_clientconfigntp server NTP_Serverconfigntp master MPLS Configuration On Cisco router The M PLS stands for Multiprotocol Label Switching and it is a routing technique for fast forwarding of data packets. MPLS is a very detail and large topic and i am sharing here a an example of MPLS VPNs on Cisco Routers. For more detail you can explore more on search engine. HTTP Configuration on Cisco Router You can enable the HTTP on Cisco router with following ip commands. R1configaaa new-model R1configaaa authentication login default local R1configusername test secret testpass R1configip http authentication local R1configip http secure-server Cisco router configure HSRP The HSRP Hot Standby Router Protocol is designed by Cisco and it redundancy protocol used for handling different Gateways. The main purpose of HSRP is to keep a link up with ISP., In case of failure of one link. SSH Configuration on Cisco The SSH is used for creating a secure connection from remote host. Set console and enable password on Cisco Router Generate the RSA Keys and Line VTY configurations Username & password for SSH Here is an example of SSH configuration on Cisco, you can read it here. Cisco GUI Configurations If you think that CLI commands are difficult to remember for configuration of Cisco router. There are tools like Cisco SDM and “Cisco Network Assistant” is available, using these tools you can configure Cisco router with using any command. For example you can visit how to configure Cisco Router with SDM GUI tool. In conclusion, I have tried to cover some important topics related to Cisco configurations,if you want to learn more about the CISCO configuration CLI Commands, you can visit here. For Basic Switch Configuration on Cisco Visit here. Using this configuration guide you can configue any Ciso IOS router like Cisco 1800 series,1841, cisco 1905 k9, 1941 k9, cisco 2900 series, cisco 800 series, cisco 800 series, cisco 881-k9, cisco asr 1001-x router, cisco ios xrv 9000 etc Please share this if you like it. Thank you..! Advanced BGP Interview Questions} ^{PAT-Port Address Translation. Like NAT, PAT also translated private IP address to public, routable addresses. Unlike NAT, PAT provides a many-to-one mapping of private addresses to a public address; each instance of the public address is associated with a particular port number to provide uniqueness. PAT can be used in environments where the}

With static NAT, routers or firewalls translate one private IP address to a single public IP address. Each private IP address is mapped to a single public IP address. Static NAT is not often used because it requires one public IP address for each private IP configure static NAT, three steps are required1. configure private/public IP address mapping by using the ip nat inside source static PRIVATE_IP PUBLIC_IP command 2. configure the router’s inside interface using the ip nat inside command 3. configure the router’s outside interface using the ip nat outside commandHere is an A requests a web resource from S1. Computer A uses its private IP address when sending the request to router R1. Router R1 receives the request, changes the private IP address to the public one, and sends the request to S1. S1 responds to R1. R1 receives the response, looks it up in its NAT table, and changes the destination IP address to the private IP address of Computer the example above, we need to configure static NAT. To do that, the following commands are required on R1R1configip nat inside source static R1configinterface fastEthernet 0/0 R1config-ifip nat inside R1config-ifinterface fastEthernet 0/1 R1config-ifip nat outsideUsing the commands above, we have configured a static mapping between Computer A’s private IP address of and the router’s R1 public IP address of To check NAT, you can use the show ip nat translations commandR1show ip nat translations Pro Inside global Inside local Outside local Outside global icmp - - -Download our Free CCNA Study Guide PDF for complete notes on all the CCNA 200-301 exam topics in one recommend the Cisco CCNA Gold Bootcamp as your main CCNA training course. It’s the highest rated Cisco course online with an average rating of from over 30,000 public reviews and is the gold standard in CCNA training

Fichier: TD13 Cisco Packet tracert Le : moyen + 1ere Page:1/4 CRÉATION ET SIMULATION D’UN RÉSEAU INFORMATIQUE METTANT EN OEUVRE LE NAT Objectifs de l’activité pratique : Choisir le matériel pour construire un réseau mettant en oeuvre le NAT Comprendre l’adressage IP Paramétrer des hôtes sur un même réseau pour qu’ils puissent

We will begin by implementing Static NAT. Static NAT is used to do a one-to-one mapping between an inside address and an outside address. Static NAT also allows connections from an outside host to an inside host. Usually, static NAT is used for servers inside your network. For example, you may have a web server with the inside IP address and you want it to be accessible when a remote host makes a request to For this to work, you must do a static NAT mapping between those to IPs. In this example, we will use the FastEthernet 0/1 as the inside NAT interface, the interface connecting to our network, and the Serial 0/0/0 interface as the outside NAT interface, the one connecting to our service provider. Routerconfigip nat inside source static FastEthernet 0/1Routerconfig-ifip nat insideRouterconfig-ifinterface Serial 0/0/0Routerconfig-ifip nat outside Static NAT provides a permanent mapping between the internal and the public IP address. In our example the private IP address will always correspond to the public IP address Dynamic NAT is used when you have a “pool” of public IP addresses that you want to assign to your internal hosts dynamically. Don’t use dynamic NAT for servers or other devices that need to be accessible from the Internet. In this example, we will define our internal network as We also have the pool of public IP addresses from to and our assigned netmask is When you configure dynamic NAT, you have to define an ACL to permit only those addresses that are allowed to be translated. Routerconfigip nat pool NAT-POOL netmask 1 permit nat inside source list 1 pool NAT-POOLRouterconfiginterface FastEthernet 0/1Routerconfig-ifip nat insideRouterconfig-ifinterface Serial 0/0/0Routerconfig-ifip nat outside We used the same interface configuration as from our static NAT example. This configuration allows addresses in the to be translated to a public IP address in the – range. When an inside host makes a request to an outside host, the router dynamically assigns an available IP address from the pool for the translation of the private IP address. If there’s no public IP address available, the router rejects new connections until you clear the NAT mappings. However, you have as many public IP addresses as hosts in your network, you won’t encounter this problem. NAT Overload, sometimes also called PAT, is probably the most used type of NAT. You can configure NAT overload in two ways, depending on how many public IP address you have available. The first case, and one of the most often seen cases, is that you have only one public IP address allocated by your ISP. In this case, you map all your inside hosts to the available IP address. The configuration is almost the same as for dynamic NAT, but this time you specify the outside interface instead of a NAT pool. Routerconfigaccess list 1 permit nat inside source list 1 interface serial 0/0/0 overloadRouterconfiginterface FastEthernet 0/1Routerconfig-ifip nat insideRouterconfig-ifinterface Serial 0/0/0Routerconfig-ifip nat outside In this case, the router automatically determines what public IP address to use for the mappings by checking what IP is assigned to the Serial 0/0/0 interface. All the inside addresses are translated to the only public IP address available on your router. Routers are able to recognize the traffic flows by using port numbers, specified by the overload keyword. The second case is that your ISP gave you more than one public IP addresses, but not enough for a dynamic or static mapping. The configuration is the same as for dynamic NAT, but this time we will add overload for the router to know to use traffic flow identification using port numbers, instead of mapping a private to a public IP address dynamically. Routerconfigip nat pool NAT-POOL netmask 1 permit nat inside source list 1 pool NAT-POOL overloadRouterconfiginterface FastEthernet 0/1Routerconfig-ifip nat insideRouterconfig-ifinterface Serial 0/0/0Routerconfig-ifip nat outside If you feel sometimes works wrong in your configuration, you can always check the NAT translations and statistics with help of the show ip nat statistics Total translations 2 0 static, 2 dynamic; 0 extendedOutside interfaces Serial0Inside interfaces Ethernet1Hits 135 Misses 5Expired translations 2Dynamic mappings— Inside Sourceaccess-list 1 pool net-208 refcount 2pool net-208 netmask end generic, total addresses 14, allocated 2 14%, misses 0 Routershow ip nat translations Pro Inside global Inside local Outside local Outside global udp tcp tcp If you have to clear the NAT translation table, you can do it with clear ip nat ip nat translation *Routershow ip nat translations RouterWhen you begin to troubleshoot, first use the available show commands. If the show commands are not enough, you still have the debug. Careful when you use debug, because debug commands are using a lot of resource and you may end up disconnected from the router and being unable to reconnect. Router debug ip nat NAT s= d= NAT s= d= [21852] NAT s= d= [6826] NAT* s= d= [23311] NAT* s= d= [6827] NAT* s= d= [6828] NAT* s= d= [23313] NAT* s= d= [23325] An asterisk * next to NAT indicates that the translations occurs in the fast-switched path. The first packet of a connection is always process-switched, which is slower. The next packets go through the fast-switched path. s= indicates that the source s= IP address is translated to refers to the destination address. [6825] is the IP identification number, which is useful for debugging and it enables correlation with other protocol analyzers. This concludes our lesson. The information found here and in the other two articles is everything you need to know for passing the Cisco CCNA exam. You can also use this information for implementing NAT in real-life, in your home network, or at your job.

ConfiguringNAT for multiple Vlans on a Cisco router is a challenge that many inexperienced Cisco network engineers have had to contend with at one stage of their careers or the other. While NAT implementation is really not a big deal, its successful implementation on a Cisco router configured for multiple vlans can give you a grief, if you do not know what you are

Configuration de la traduction d'adresse de port PAT sur les appareils Cisco Avec la traduction d'adresse de port PAT, une seule adresse IP publique est utilisée pour toutes les adresses IP privées internes, mais un port différent est attribué à chaque adresse IP privée. Ce type de NAT est également connu sous le nom de surcharge NAT et est la forme typique de NAT utilisée dans les réseaux d'aujourd'hui. Il est même pris en charge par la plupart des routeurs grand public. PAT vous permet de prendre en charge de nombreux hôtes avec seulement quelques adresses IP publiques. Il fonctionne en créant un mappage NAT dynamique, dans lequel une adresse IP globale publique et un numéro de port unique sont sélectionnés. Le routeur conserve une entrée de table NAT pour chaque combinaison unique de l'adresse IP et du port privés, avec traduction vers l'adresse globale et un numéro de port unique. Vous pourrez créer les commandes de configuration correspondantes à l'aide de l'application Network Configuration Manager. Cela vous aidera à effectuer la même opération sur plusieurs appareils simultanément. Si vous n'avez pas installé NCM, veuillez cliquer ici pour télécharger et installer l'application. Pour configurer PAT, les commandes suivantes sont requises Configurez l'interface interne du routeur à l'aide de la commande ip nat inside. Configurez l'interface externe du routeur à l'aide de la commande ip nat outside. Configurez une liste d'accès qui inclut une liste des adresses source internes qui doivent être traduites. Activez PAT avec l'ip nat à l'intérieur de la liste de source ACL_NUMBER interface TYPE surcharge commande de configuration globale. Étapes pour configurer PAT pour l'image réseau ci-dessus à l'aide de CLI. Connectez-vous à l'appareil à l'aide de SSH / TELNET et passez en mode activation. Passez en mode config. Routerconfigure terminal Entrez les commandes de configuration, une par ligne. Terminez avec CNTL / Z. Routerconfig l'interface interne du routeur Routerconfiginterface Gi0/0 Routerconfig-ifip nat inside Routerconfig-ifexit Configurer l'interface externe du routeur Routerconfiginterface Gi0/1 Routerconfig-ifip nat outside Définissez une liste d'accès qui inclura toutes les adresses IP privées que vous souhaitez traduire en mode de configuration d'interface Routerconfig-ifaccess-list 1 permit Routerconfig-ifexit Activez NAT et faites référence à l'ACL créée à l'étape précédente et à l'interface dont l'adresse IP sera utilisée pour les traductions Routerconfigip nat inside source list 1 interface Gi0/1 overload Quitter le mode de configuratione Routerconfigexit Router Exécutez la commande show ip nat translations » pour afficher la configuration NAT. Notez que la même adresse IP a été utilisée pour traduire trois adresses IP privées et Le numéro de port de l'adresse IP publique est unique pour chaque connexion. Ainsi, lorsque S1 répond à R1 examine sa table de traductions NAT et transmet la réponse à Copiez la configuration en cours dans la configuration de démarrage à l'aide de la commande ci-dessous Routerwrite memory Building configuration... [OK] Router Le configlet correspondant peut être créé dans l'application NCM comme indiqué dans la capture d'écran ci-dessous. Vous pouvez également cliquer sur le bouton ci-dessous pour télécharger le configlet au format XML et l'importer dans l'application NCM à l'aide de l'option d'importation de fichiers. Nom du configlet Configurer PAT - Traduction d'adresse de port - Cisco Description Ce configlet est utilisé pour configurer le PAT de traduction d'adresse de port sur les périphériques Cisco Mode d'exécution Mode d'exécution de script Contenu du configlet configure terminal interface $INSIDE_INTF ip nat inside exit interface $OUTSIDE_INTF ip nat outside exit access-list $ACL_ID permit $SOURCE_ADDRESS $SUBNET_MASK ip nat pool $POOL_NAME $POOL_ADDRESS $POOL_ADDRESS netmask $NETMASK ip nat inside source list $ACL_ID pool $POOL_NAME overload exit show ip nat translations write memory

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Toconfigure Port Address Translation, you must specify the inside and outside NAT interfaces as with any NAT configuration. Afterward you’ll need to create an access control list to will be referenced by the NAT translation statement to match inside networks and/or host machines to be translated. If you have multiple public IP addresses and you wish to port address translate to

Configuring dynamic NAT in Cisco devices This article will help you through the steps to configure dynamic NAT on Cisco devices. You will be able to create the corresponding Configlet commands using Network Configuration Manager application. This will help you perform the same operation on multiple devices simultaneously. With dynamic NAT, you specify two sets of addresses on your Cisco router Inside addresses that will be translated. A pool of global addresses. Unlike with static NAT, where you had to manually define a static mapping between a private and a public address, with dynamic NAT the mapping of a local address to a global address happens dynamically. This means that the router dynamically picks an address from the global address pool that is not currently assigned. It can be any address from the pool of global addresses. The dynamic entry stays in the NAT translations table as long as the traffic is exchanged. The entry times out after a period of inactivity and the global IP address can be used for new translations. If you don't have NCM installed, please click here to download and install the application. To configure dynamic NAT, the following steps are required Configure the router’s inside interface using the ip nat inside command Configure the router’s outside interface using the ip nat outside command Configure an ACL that has a list of the inside source addresses that will be translated Configure the pool of global IP addresses using the ip nat pool NAME FIRST_IP_ADDRESS LAST_IP_ADDRESS netmask SUBNET_MASK command Enable dynamic NAT with the ip nat inside source list ACL_NUMBER pool NAME global configuration command Steps to configure dynamic NAT using CLI. Login to the device using SSH / TELNET and go to enable mode. Go into the config mode. Routerconfigure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Routerconfig Configure the router's inside interface Routerconfiginterface fa0/0 Routerconfig-ifip nat inside Routerconfig-ifexit Configure the router's outside interface Routerconfiginterface eth0/0/0 Routerconfig-ifip nat outside Routerconfig-ifexit Configure an ACL that has a list of the inside source addresses that will be translated. Routerconfigaccess-list 1 permit NOTEThe access list configured above matches all hosts from the subnet. Configure the pool of global IP addresses Routerconfigip nat pool MY_POOL netmask NOTE The pool configured above consists of 5 addresses and Enable dynamic NAT Routerconfigip nat inside source list 1 pool MY_POOL NOTE The command above instructs the router to translate all addresses specified in the access list 1 to the pool of global addresses called MY_POOL. Exit config mode Routerconfigexit Router Execute show ip nat translations command to view the NAT configuration. Copy the running configuration into startup configuration using below command Routerwrite memory Building configuration... [OK] Router The corresponding configlet can be created in NCM application as shown in below screenshot. Also you can click the below button to download the Configlet as XML and import it into NCM application using file import option. Configlet Name Configure Dynamic NAT - Cisco Description This configlet is used to configure dynamic NAT on cisco devices Execution Mode Script Execution Mode Configlet Content configure terminal interface $INSIDE_INTF ip nat inside exit interface $OUTSIDE_INTF ip nat outside exit access-list $ACL_ID permit $SOURCE_ADDRESS $SUBNET_MASK ip nat pool $POOL_NAME $POOL_START_ADDRESS $POOL_END_ADDRESS netmask $NETMASK ip nat inside source list $ACL_ID pool $POOL_NAME exit show ip nat translations write memory

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configuration nat et pat cisco pdf